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Developing Productive Habits

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The Paradox of Habits: Developing Productive Habits

“You become what you repeatedly do. Your habits will either make or break you.”

Frank Giampaolo

Now, we turn our attention to the art of cultivating habits that propel you toward your goals.

1. Defining Your Priorities

Before you build your productive habits, it’s essential to have a clear understanding of your short- and long-term goals. Knowing your end game helps to customize your new developmental plan.

2. Setting SMART Goals

One effective way to define your goals is by using the SMART criteria:

  • Specific (S): Clearly define your goal. What, precisely, do you want to achieve?
  • Measurable(M): Establish concrete metrics to track your progress.
  • Achievable(A): Given your current resources, ensure your goal is realistic and attainable.
  • Relevant(R): Is the goal aligned with your long-term objectives?
  • Time-Bound(T): Set a deadline for achieving your goals, creating a sense of urgency.

Once you have your goals in sight, you can begin to identify the productive habits that will help you reach them.

3. Prioritizing Change

Prioritizing change is helpful. Look into your athletic identity and prioritize what’s most important. Should you work on your mechanics or your mental game?  What causes your results? The following outlines how to choose the right productive habits for you:

Self-Assessment

Conduct an assessment with a mental coach to determine your strengths and areas for improvement. If you struggle with time management, cultivating a habit of daily planning or time blocking may be beneficial.

Aligning Your Goals

Productive habits should align with your defined goals. If you want a reliable resetting routine, establish daily situations to improve that skill. If you aim to improve your physical fitness, a habit of regular exercise before school or work is a natural choice.

Gradual Implementation

Introduce new productive habits gradually. Adopting too many changes at once can be overwhelming and lead to frustration. Focus on one improvement in each of your four pillars of the game: Mechanics, athleticism, mental, and emotional. Once they become ingrained, add more as needed.

Decision Fatigue

The key to cultivating productive habits lies in establishing a consistent routine. Routines provide structure and reduce decision fatigue, making it easier to stick to your habits.

Time Blocking

Allocate specific time blocks for your productive habits. Whether it’s a morning workout routine, a mechanical development block, or dedicated time for dress rehearsal practice, time blocking ensures you prioritize what matters most.

Habit Stacking

Pair your new productive habits with existing ones. For instance, if you want to incorporate better mental rituals, do it in your practice sessions. Habit stacking leverages your current habits as cues for your new ones.

Accountability

Share your goals and habits with an accountable coach. Knowing they will track your progress can motivate you and help you stay on course.

Reflection and Adaptation

Regularly assess your routine and habits. Are they helping you make progress toward your goals? If not, be open to adjustments. Flexibility and adaptability are essential to long-term success.

Cultivating productive habits is not a one-time task; it’s an ongoing, daily way of life. By aligning your new choices and habits with your athletic goals and maintaining a consistent routine, you are setting the stage for the results you’re capable of achieving.

YOUR TAKEAWAY CHALLENGE

To organize your SMART goals, hiring a mental coach is in your best interest. A mental coach will help you clearly define your goals, organize metrics to track progress, and set deadlines for achieving those goals.

Becoming Your Team Leader

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From Champions to Leaders: Becoming Your Team Leader

The distinction between champions and leaders becomes most apparent when we examine the role of a team leader. While winning is a testament to an athlete’s skill, the ability to inspire, guide, and unite a team is what earns long-term success, which is the hallmark of a true leader in the game of life. Let’s look back at Katie and Jake’s secret skills.

1 Defining Leadership

Leadership in sports transcends the boundaries of simply winning. It involves an understanding of one’s role as a captain of a team. Here, we explore Katie’s core principles that defined her as a leader:

  • Vision: Katie set a vision that extended beyond individual success. She was able to articulate her needs, fostering unity and shared purpose.
  • Empathy: Katie understood the needs and concerns of her team members, from coaches to parents to hitting partners. She showed empathy and provided the support needed.
  • Responsibility and Accountability: Katie took ownership of her on-court sessions, mental training sessions, and off-court gym routines. She was accountable for her actions and decisions, recognizing that her choices impacted the entire entourage and her tournament success.
  • Fair Play: Ethics are the guiding light of a leader, and Katie had it in spades. She was honored with the USTA Sportsmanship Award several times for her fairness, honesty, and sportsmanship.

2 Ethics and Responsibility

In round 2, Jake played Calvin, who had a poor reputation. On court 16, with no referee in sight, Calvin made a few questionable calls. Jake stared him down with the eyes of an angry predator. Then, he walked away to reset his mindset from the drama Calvin was trying to create. Jake wins the next three games and takes the match in his hyper-focused play.

Leadership in tennis comes with a set of ethical responsibilities. These responsibilities include:

Inspiring Integrity: Jake leads by example, demonstrating that success is achieved through fair play and integrity.

Sportsmanship: Jake was nurtured by his folks to embody sportsmanship. He respected opponents, officials, and other parents, setting a standard of conduct for everyone to see.

Mentorship: Jake always tried to chat with the younger players. He shared insights and enjoyed goofing around with the next generation of champions.

3 The Role of Negotiation Skills

Negotiation skills are pivotal for a leader. Leaders navigate these discussions effectively when negotiating a training schedule with coaches or resolving conflicts within the family unit. When approached with fairness and open communication, negotiation fosters a harmonious environment.

4 The Power of Positive Influence

Katie’s influence extended far beyond the game. She later used her platform as a top college athlete to raise funds to resurface the local park’s eight tennis courts. Katie inspired the broader community. Through her actions, she demonstrated that leadership is not just about winning; it’s about making a positive impact.

5 Navigating Relationships

High performance demands great relationships—between athletes and coaches, parents, opponents, and the unique sports community. Leaders excel in building and maintaining these relationships, understanding that collaboration and respect are essential for sustained success.

We discovered that athletic champions become life champions by embracing their leadership roles. Katie and Jake had those qualities that set them apart. They both had effective communication, the nuances of negotiation, and the emotional intelligence required to manage complicated relationships with their peers, who were friends and rivals.

YOUR TAKEAWAY CHALLENGE

As your team leader, you are responsible for building and maintaining relationships. Collaboration is essential for long-term success, and navigating positive relationships is a life skill worth developing.

Mastering Leadership Skills

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Mastering Leadership Skills

Being a leader starts with taking care of yourself. It’s your job right now to maximize your potential. Through your journey (If done correctly), you’ll likely have a room full of trophies. There are thousands upon thousands of athletes who possess natural athletic skills. The dividing factor lies in work ethic and perseverance. The path to maximizing your potential lies in your leadership skills. Let’s look at the qualities that pushed Jake and Katie past the crowd:

1 Effective Communication

Effective communication is the cornerstone of improvement and leadership in sports. It goes beyond simply talking; it fosters understanding and builds strong connections with your parents and coaches. Leaders excel in communication by:

Active Listening: Katie listened attentively to her coaches and parents. She paid attention and tried to digest their messages.

Clear Expression: When she spoke, she did so with clarity. She stayed on topic and expressed her point of view with confidence.

Conflict Resolution: Katie developed the skills to resolve conflicts in matches through calm, open dialogue. Also, she maintains harmony with her parents and coaches.

2 Leading by Example

Jake was terrific at being accountable. He took responsibility for his losses yet credited his victories to his parents and coaches. By holding himself accountable for the many losses along his journey, he inspired us as his coaches to do the same.

3 Long-Term Vision

Both Jake and Katie were taught a long-term mentality. This perspective of letting go of immediate results relieved their pressure. They focused on the process, not the outcomes. I remember being invited to Katie’s house for dinner every few months and planning her tournament schedule with her and her folks.

4 Self-Motivation: The Drive to Excel

Leaders are self-motivated individuals. They don’t rely solely on others for motivation; they possess an intrinsic drive to push themselves relentlessly until they accomplish their goals. This self-motivation is infectious, inspiring others to strive for excellence.

5 Confidence: The Backbone of Leadership

Confidence is a defining trait of leaders. Jake earned his stripes by leaving his comfort zone often and tackling new challenges. Jake was open-minded, and that character trait fueled his growth. A leader’s confidence is built on daily micro-successes. Being a confident, growth-minded individual sets the tone for his entire team.

4.6 People Skills: Fostering Team Culture

Katie had exceptional people skills. She involved us in her decision-making. She genuinely cared about the well-being of her coaches and expressed it often. Katie made us feel valued and important to her success.

7 Emotional Intelligence: Mastering Emotions

These two past students possessed high emotional intelligence, enabling them to manage their emotions effectively and understand how they affected those around them. This self-awareness was instrumental in maintaining their positive tennis environment.

8 Coachability

Leaders acknowledge that they may not always have all the answers. Jake was open to listening to others’ perspectives and implementing their suggestions for improvement. His humility in seeking different viewpoints fostered innovation in his training and skyrocketed his growth.

9 A Strong Moral Code

Athletic leaders consistently strive to remain ethical in their actions. Their strong moral code serves as a compass, guiding their decisions.

10 Optimism: A Beacon in Tough Times

Positivity, during difficult times, is a quality that they both worked hard to try to maintain. Their optimism set a positive environment for handling tough losses. They were open to our video analysis of those difficult matches, providing insights into their customized development.

Becoming a leader is not solely about winning but about embodying skills and values that elevate oneself and those around them. Let’s continue to uncover how these qualities shape your trajectory as a top contender and life beyond the sport.

YOUR TAKEAWAY CHALLENGE

Leadership demands effective communication. Active listening is key as you digest the information your entourage of coaches provides. Being accountable and taking responsibility is part of being coachable. These skills are the qualities that shape you as a top contender in sports and life.

Tennis- Breaking Unproductive Patterns

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The Paradox of Habits: Breaking Unproductive Patterns

“Choices lead to habits. Habits become skills. Skilled athletes are seen as gifted. They’re not more gifted; they’re just more disciplined.”

Frank Giampaolo

As we continue your journey toward greater productivity, we dive deeper into the art and science of breaking free from these unproductive patterns.

1. The Nature of Habit Formation

Here’s the mechanics of habit formation. Habits are not easily discarded because they are etched into your brain’s neural pathways. They’re like well-worn paths in a forest, comfortable and familiar. Breaking free involves rewiring your brain, forging new pathways, and replacing them with stronger ones.

2. Strategies for Breaking Unproductive Habits

  • Mindfulness

Mindfulness allows you to pause and assess your actions, making it easier to intervene before a habit takes hold and allowing you to stay focused on the here and now.

  • Set Clear Intentions

What components of your game need improvement? Do you truly falter in competition due to your underdeveloped hardware (mechanics and athleticism) or your software (mental and emotional) skills? Having a clear purpose is a powerful motivator.

  • The Replacement Theory

When you feel the urge to engage in an unproductive habit, consciously stop and replace it with a new, intelligent alternative. It is very challenging to stop a bad habit without substituting it with a better choice.

  • Start Small

Break the poor habit into smaller, more manageable steps- making the process less daunting and allowing you to experience small wins along the way, boosting your confidence.

  • Modify Your Environment

Alter your surroundings to make engaging in unproductive habits more challenging. For example, if you’re trying to reduce screen time, keep your devices out of reach or create designated tech-free times.

  • Bad Influences

One of the most damaging things you can do is pay attention to the wrong people. Are the people you’re following going nowhere fast? If so, you have to excuse yourself from the presence of those individuals wasting your time. 

  • Seek Support

Share your goals with a mental coach. Experienced individuals who understand the developmental pathways provide a clear, customized developmental plan, encouragement, and accountability.

  • Practice Self-Compassion

Breaking poor habits is challenging, and setbacks are common. Treat yourself kindly, forgive occasional slip-ups, and focus on replacing poor choices with better ones.

  • Track Your Progress

Keep a journal or use a habit-tracking app to monitor your progress. Tracking your progress will help you identify patterns, celebrate successes, and adjust your approach.

3. Overcoming Resistance to Change

Resistance is a natural response to breaking free from the comfort of old habits. Your brain will resist change because it’s wired to seek familiarity. Focus on the benefits of change rather than the discomfort of the process.

4. The Science of Habit Transformation

Neuroplasticity, the brain’s ability to reorganize itself, is your ally in breaking unproductive habits. Whenever you choose the new behavior over the old one, you strengthen the neural pathways associated with the new habit.

5. Dismantling Unproductive Habits

Breaking unproductive habits is a process of change. By persistently applying your new choices, you’ll successfully dismantle unproductive habits and pave the way for greater success.

It’s time to take the first steps toward breaking free from unproductive patterns. Transformation is within your reach. Hopefully, you’ve identified unproductive patterns and learned that replacing them is your job. Please understand that transformation doesn’t begin with others, it begins with you.

YOUR TAKEAWAY CHALLENGE

Transformation requires discipline. Top athletes adhere to rigorous training schedules. Maintaining peak physical condition demands disciplined habits such as proper nutrition, sufficient rest, and hydration. Discipline enables athletes to set clear, achievable goals and stay focused despite distractions. Could you be more disciplined to achieve your goals?

Tennis- Sustaining Productive Habits

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Sustaining Productive Habits

“Are you aware of your strength in the four pillars of your game: mechanics, athleticism, mental, and emotional? Review those superpowers. Visualize yourself performing those tasks brilliantly. These build confidence in your game, so add to your new list of superpowers every week.”

Frank Giampaolo

For you youngsters, your future college career will comprise habits that you’ve acquired during your junior career. Now is the time to delve into the art of sustaining productive habits to ensure a spectacular college athletic career.

1 Handling Setbacks and Relapses

Setbacks and relapses are a natural part of habit change. They do not define you; they simply offer valuable growth opportunities. When faced with setbacks:

  • Analyze what led to the setback without self-judgment.
  • Adjust your approach based on lessons learned.
  • Revisit your commitment and motivation.
  • Seek support and accountability to regain momentum.

Remember that the path to productivity is not linear; it’s a winding road with detours and obstacles. The key is to repair the problem and restore your positive mindset quickly.

2 Fix It and Forget It

Staying in a good mental state is challenging in competition. A key to remaining focused is to remember this statement: “Where your focus goes…your energy flows.” So, avoid focusing on the problem. Get into a mindset of fixing it and forgetting it. Repeat this mantra after an error throughout your performances: fix it and forget it.

3 Cancelling Out the Noise

Cancel out the external noise around your practice and game day environment. Your brain spends cognitive resources listening to what’s going on around you. Distractions in your environment will likely pull your attention away from your task of mindfulness-staying present.

4 Not Yet

Focus is your ability to resist the urge to indulge in reckless, spontaneous behavior in competition. Say “Not Yet!” whenever you want to attempt a reckless shot. By applying situational awareness, you’ll instead hit the correct shot the moment demands. Be aware of thoughtless, spontaneous actions that don’t contribute to your new habits.

5 Taking Full Responsibility

Accountability is what bonds commitment to results and breeds responsibility. At the end of the day, you are accountable to yourself. Ultimately, your success is a result of your choices and habits.

Sustaining productive habits is not a one-time endeavor. It’s a lifelong journey of personal growth and improvement. By applying the strategies outlined in this playbook, you can ensure that your productive habits continue to serve you well, providing the foundation to maximize success on the competitive trail.

YOUR TAKEAWAY CHALLENGE

Grow your superpowers. On your cell phone, create an athletic folder in your notes section. List your strengths in mechanics, athleticism, and mental and emotional components. Review these superpowers weekly and plan on adding them to your list. While most intermediate athletes focus on cleaning up their weaknesses, top athletes set aside time to continually improve their strengths.

Sports IQ: A Leadership Trait

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In high-performance “anything,” leadership shapes the trajectory of your career. It’s important to distinguish between leaders and managers, as these roles play distinct yet complementary parts in your journey from being a champion athlete to an actual leader years from now.

The following post is an excerpt from The Art of Exceeding: Building High Performance Athletes

Sports IQ: A Leadership Trait

One common aspect is the “Sports IQ” concept- a player’s deep understanding of the competitive game, including their mental and emotional requirements. Leaders possess a high Sports IQ, which enables them to manage present-time awareness:

  • Strategize: They plan for competition. Their decisions are based on understanding how meticulously they prepare for battle.
  • Adapt: They can adapt their game plan on the fly, responding to their opponent’s strengths and weaknesses.
  • Anticipate: They anticipate their opponent’s moves, reading cues and patterns that give them a competitive edge.

Emotional Aptitude: Navigating the Human Element

Leaders excel not only in understanding the biomechanics and strategies of the game but also in managing their emotions. This emotional aptitude enables them to:

Remain Composed: They maintain their composure in high-pressure situations. They know if they don’t choke or panic, the opponent likely will.

Motivate: They gauge the emotional state of their parents at events. Their present-moment awareness helps to keep their folks from speculating about future outcome desires.

Resilience: They understand that losses come almost every weekend. They bounce back from setbacks, showing strength and resilience.

If you feel that being a leader is within you, we’ll continue our exploration. Prepare to dive deeper into emotional intelligence, open-mindedness, and the power of optimism.

For more information: The Art of Exceeding: Building High Performance Athletes

Identifying Unproductive Habits

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Identifying Unproductive Habits

“Your old results came from your old choices and habits. Your level won’t rise without changing your choices and habits.”

Frank Giampaolo

Let’s journey now into reshaping your unproductive habits. Unproductive habits often lurk in the background, disguised as harmless routines. To transform your poor habits, we’ll have to shine a light on them and recognize their influence on your life. But how do you identify these subtle saboteurs? Here’s where to begin:

1 Self-Reflection

Self-awareness is the key to identifying unproductive habits. Take some time now to reflect on your daily routines and behaviors. Ask yourself:

  • Are there poor choices I make that aren’t benefiting my athlete development?
  • Do I find myself repeating the same mistakes or facing the same obstacles?

As you examine your daily choices, patterns will begin to emerge. These patterns often point to habits that may need closer examination.

2 Emotional Triggers

Emotions can be powerful triggers for your unproductive habits. Pay attention to the situations or emotions that lead you to poor habits. For instance:

  • Do you react with negative emotions after errors?
  • Do you procrastinate when faced with organizing your weekly training schedule?
  • Do you spend excessive time on social media or gaming?

Recognizing the triggers that drive your habits can provide valuable insights into their nature.

3 Common Unproductive Habits

While unproductive habits can vary widely from athlete to athlete, some are common stumbling blocks many players encounter. Here are a few to be mindful of:

  • Procrastination

Procrastination delays essential tasks, such as booking practice sessions and favoring more immediate, fun choices. It’s a habit that robs you of competitive skills and leaves you mentally unprepared for competition.

  • Negative Dialogue

The habit of negative inner and outer dialogue involves self-criticism and doubt in your abilities. This pessimistic, self-sabotaging behavior erodes self-confidence and hinders progress.

  • Excessive Screen Time

Spending excessive time on your cell phone platforms has become a widespread detrimental habit. It leads to skipping proactive choices, disrupted sleep patterns, and diminished real-world interactions.

4 Undisciplined Life

Whether it’s poor time management or letting your parents carry the burden of preparation, undisciplined habits lead to wasted training time and an unprepared athlete. A messy, undisciplined daily life leads to an unproductive and undisciplined athlete under pressure.

5 The Impact of Unproductive Habits

Unproductive habits don’t merely steal your time; they have far-reaching consequences that touch every aspect of your athletic performance. Unproductive habits can:

  • Undermine your self-esteem and confidence.
  • Damage relationships with coaches and parents.
  • Impede your progress toward long-term goals.
  • Drain your physical and mental energy.
  • Foster a sense of frustration.

Recognizing the detrimental effects of unproductive habits is crucial to breaking free from their grip. These choices steal the inner belief that you need under pressure in competition.

Change begins by being honest about your unproductive habits. By choosing to read this playbook, you’ve already taken a significant stride toward a more productive and fulfilling athletic career. You’ll now need strategies for breaking unproductive patterns and replacing them with habits that serve your goals.

YOUR TAKEAWAY CHALLENGE

Realize that before you go up a level as a competitor, you must first change your preparation for pressure. This typically includes the commitment to improving physically, mentally, and emotionally. Look in the mirror and remind yourself, “You can’t stay the same and get better. You have to pick one.”

MANAGING NEGATIVE EMOTIONS

Negative Emotions

Playing future matches and carting the baggage from your past isn’t in your best interest. Without self-awareness, you won’t be able to navigate pessimistic emotions. No matter how clean your strokes are, you won’t be able to overcome the negative baggage on board. Most winnable matches are derailed for reasons related to emotional competencies. This second chapter identifies how to reset toxic emotions holding you back.

“You don’t have to move into a new phase of your tennis journey with your old baggage. You can leave it behind.”

2.1 Managing Anger

Anger is an emotion that every tennis player encounters throughout their career. Whether it’s missed shots, a disputed call, or the feeling of not meeting expectations, anger can quickly consume your thoughts and hinder your performance on the court. You can’t calm the storms of competition, but you can calm the inner storms in competition.

2.2 Understanding Anger

Anger is often triggered by situations that challenge your outcome desires. Jealousy arises when you perceive someone else achieving success or recognition that you believe should be yours. Annoyance occurs when distractions interfere with your concentration.

2.2 Understanding Frustration

Frustration arises from the inability to achieve the desired outcome. Self-criticism involves harsh judgment toward your performance. Hurt emerges when you feel emotionally wounded by the actions of others.

2.3 The Positive Side of Anger

Yes, anger has its advantages in competition. After a challenging situation, you should use anger to fuel the fire. Example: After disputing a bad line call, turn your anger towards a hyper-focus mode raising your intensity of play. Controlled anger leads to positive action.

Let’s use fire as an analogy. Fire used wisely can heat your home and cook your meals. Fire, burning out of control, burns the house down. It’s your job to use your internal fire to your advantage.

2.4 Positive Verses Negative Anger 

Negative emotions hinder you both physically and mentally. It clouds your judgment causing reckless play. Controlled anger leads to positive actions like hyper-focus, intensity, increased footwork, and ball velocity.

2.5. Overcoming Frustrations

Following are six of our reoccurring solutions to help you reset to an acceptance and recommitment mindset:

  • Recognize and Acknowledge Your Emotions

The first step in managing negative emotions is awareness. Take time in-between points to pause and reflect on what you are feeling. Acknowledging your emotions can prevent them from overpowering your thoughts and actions.

  • Take A Deep Breath and Reset

Instead of dwelling on the feeling of annoyance toward your opponent’s successful play, embrace a growth mindset and view their achievements as motivation for your own improved play. Then apply your deep breathing, calming routine.

  • Reframe Your Perspective

Reframing your perspective involves finding the positive aspects of your performance and focusing on them. Reframing helps you shift focus from the catastrophe of possibly losing. This positive reframing induces the calm problem-solving mindset required to improve performance.

  • Focus On Controllable Factors

Instead of fixating on the opponent’s antics, shift attention to the future aspects within your control. This tactic involves letting go of the past and focusing on the present. Concentrate on your movement, strategy, and effort rather than letting outcome desires dictate your emotions.

  • Practice Positive Self Talk

Replace self-criticism with constructive inner dialogue. Remind yourself of your script of top plays to expose your strengths. Self-coaching encourages you to return to your positive mindset and enjoy the battle regardless of the outcome.

  • Seek A Mental Coach

If your negative emotions are getting the best of you, find a trusted mental coach to discuss your feelings. Open communication can help address misunderstandings, resolve conflicts, and provide emotional support during challenging times.

Managing your inner critic is essential for maintaining composure. By applying the above solutions, you will turn challenging matches around. Tennis is an emotional game, and your ability to navigate your feelings effectively sets you apart from all the solid ball strikers in every academy.

Training Tennis Anticipation

The Psychology of Tennis Parenting
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Training Anticipation

Competitive tennis is a violent game of keep away, not catch. Plan on each match being a 2-hour dog fight and plan on multiple matches daily on tournament days.

Yes, your athlete’s legs and lungs need to be at their peak performance level but preparing your athlete includes more than cardio endurance, speed, and agility. Factor into the equation anticipatory speed. This hidden skill set holds many benefits. Anticipation assists your athlete with their ability to quickly and accurately predict the outcome of actions even before that action occurs.

Roger Federer rarely appears hurried when executing strokes. The high-speed film confirms that he reacts and moves earlier than most competitors. His ability to apply agility and stability with his body and head through the strike zone is legendary. His early detection is essential for delivering and receiving on the run. So, how do top players like Federer do it?

Solution: Professionals acquire knowledge of their opponent’s favorite sequence of shots in particular circumstances. Athletes at the higher level all have preferred options of plays and patterns. They use pre-match video analysis and scouting reports to predict performance. If your athlete is preparing to play in the high-performance arena, I suggest uncovering ways to develop this incredible, secret skill set of predicting possibilities.

When my daughter played her first 14’s finals in the Hard Courts in Georgia, six fathers of her competitors videotaped her performance as a future scouting report. Yes, acquiring knowledge about opponents starts early.

Tennis Rudimentary Anticipation

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Rudimentary Anticipation

Anticipatory speed is one of the mental components that we need to teach much earlier. Anticipation is linked to cause and effect. It is based on the understanding that each shot hit in a match has finite responses from the opponent across the net. Experience gives athletes feedback, and the athletes who pay attention mentally log those responses. The mentally tough players log their winning and losing trends into their memory, which they use to anticipate where the ball will likely be in the future.

The more matches your athlete plays, the more they can apply subconscious programming. Because there are only milliseconds between shots in tennis, our athletes need recognition by intuition. There isn’t sufficient time to analyze the situation and set the proper shot selections and motor programs into play. Athletes build memory logs of data and feedback. Once the experience of going through similar events takes place, anticipation is applied.

Solution: Parents and coaches would be wise to start to develop their young athlete’s anticipatory skills at an early age with this rudimentary three-step process. (Examples are assuming both athletes are right-handed)

  • Returning Serves: Be mindful of the opponent’s ball toss. When they toss out in front to the right, the serve is most likely to go to your athlete’s right, which is their forehand. If the opponent tosses back over their head, to their left, it’s most likely going to your athlete’s backhand.
  • Rallies: Pay close attention to the opponent’s strike zone. A waste-level ball is typically hit with an offensive drive. A low, sock-level strike zone is often a slice reply. A head-level strike zone stroke usually falls short.
  • Volleys: Be aware that a high, shoulder-level volley is typically hit with pace and cross-court. An opponent’s low volley is usually a drop volley.
  • Identify Offensive, Neutral and Defensive Situations: Opponents who commit fewer unforced errors play high-percentage tennis. They do this by understanding zonal tennis and attempting to hit the shot the moment demands.

Once these foundational anticipatory clues are established, ask your athlete to log match clues between point routines and changeover rituals.